What to pay attention to?
Used crawler excavators are very popular on the Polish market. Most entrepreneurs still cannot afford to buy new machines.
Therefore, a second (and often third) hand excavator is an optimal solution, but also a significant risk. On the secondary market, it is easy to come across very worn-out specimens, which will be a source of constant problems and expenses.
That's why we've created a guide in which we advise on how to check a used crawler excavator before buying.
Does the machine meet the needs?
A common mistake made by entrepreneurs buying a used machine is paying attention only to an attractive price. As a result, equipment that does not fully meet the needs appears in the company. The crawler excavator should be selected according to the most frequently performed tasks.
A machine that is too large will not work in a limited space and the operator will not be able to use its potential. On the other hand, a too small excavator will not cope with the implementation of demanding tasks and will often break down.
How to check the excavator before buying?
The first thing to pay attention to is the condition of the undercarriage. We check the chains, rollers, tension wheels and stars. If everything is fine, we can move on to assessing the drive system.
In a working engine, there must be good oil pressure (similar to the factory one), the unit must not smoke excessively. During the test drive, we check whether the engine has the right power and whether it does not weaken after warming up.
A test drive is necessary because it allows to assess the operation of individual components. In the case of a crawler excavator, the efficiency of the final drives and drive motors is very important - so we assess whether the machine drives evenly, whether it turns well and whether there are any disturbing noises.
We also check whether the machine responds quickly to the functions given, whether there are no delays in reaction time, whether all movements are performed smoothly.
Evaluation of the hydraulic condition
The hydraulic system is a critical point of the crawler excavator. It should be checked on a warmed-up machine, which will allow to assess the condition of the hydraulic pump. If this element clearly weakens with the increase of hydraulic oil temperature, the pump is damaged. It is also necessary to check all operating modes.
At this stage, it is worth looking at the slewing ring - in used machines there are regularly clearances on the ring and chipped teeth. It is also necessary to assess the condition of the cylinders, detect any leaks and check the seals.
The next step is to assess the condition of the arm. Any signs of unprofessional modifications, welding and cracks are alarming. This indicates a significant wear and tear of the machine and its improper servicing.
Errors and additional equipment
If the machine is equipped with an on-board computer, it is necessary to check if it does not display any errors. To be sure about this, you should connect a diagnostic device - preferably in a specialized service.
While in the cabin, it is worth checking the operation of the equipment, especially the air conditioning (if the machine has it). We also pay attention to the efficiency of the central lubrication system and quick couplings.
Finally, it is worth asking the seller if he has additional equipment, which is very useful and expensive. In the case of a crawler excavator, particularly attractive elements are the ditching bucket and hammer along with installations for them.
Remember that preliminary inspections at the construction site do not provide full knowledge about the actual condition of the machine. To be sure that the purchase will be successful, you should use professional diagnostics in a specialized service dealing with repairs of construction machines.
