Machine Operation

How to Do It Properly and Safely?

So far, our guides have mainly focused on technical issues related to the proper operation of construction machinery.

This time, we will talk about the absolute basics. This text will remind or perhaps even raise awareness of the principles that must be followed to safely operate a machine - safely, meaning with the least risk of accidents or serious malfunctions.

It's worth reading because many of these principles are often overlooked at construction sites.

Awareness of Hazards

Working with construction machinery has always been and will continue to be dangerous, despite the fact that manufacturers are doing a lot to increase the level of operator safety.

There are many hazards involved in working with machinery, such as the risk of damaging technical infrastructure (high-voltage lines or gas installations).

Therefore, before allowing an operator to work, they should be familiarized with basic safety principles, with a strong emphasis on training and the implementation of strict regulations within the company.

Training, Improving Operator Qualifications

Only a person with appropriate qualifications and a current medical certificate confirming their ability to work as an operator can operate construction machinery.

It is the employer's duty to direct employees to the required medical examinations and periodic training. Additionally, it is highly advisable to invest in professional training for operators, which significantly improves their skills and competencies, as well as keeps them up-to-date with OHS regulations.

Let's also remind that every newly hired operator must familiarize themselves with the general and position-specific instructions, as required by OHS regulations.

Thorough Knowledge of the Machine

The starting point for working with a machine is always its Technical and Operational Documentation (TOD). It is the operator's duty to familiarize themselves with this documentation and to refer to it regularly.

In the TOD, we will find all the manufacturer's recommendations regarding safe machine operation. It contains the technical description of the machine, the scope of permissible work, and information about the type of additional equipment used.

Before Starting Work

The operator should have the habit of inspecting the machine before starting work each time. In the morning, it's worth checking for any leaks, ensuring that the engine oil level is correct, and checking for any visible mechanical damage, etc.

At this point, let's also remind that the operator has the right, and even the obligation, to refuse to start work if their safety is in any way compromised due to machine malfunction.

Furthermore, it is prohibited to use machines without appropriate safety and signaling devices. If working conditions conflict with safety standards, the operator is obliged to inform their supervisor.

Risk Assessment

Before starting work on a construction site, it is essential to conduct a risk assessment for the task, which involves examining and preparing the work area. It is necessary to check the ground's strength and identify potential hazards such as high-voltage lines near the work area.

After considering these factors, it is necessary to designate a danger zone, which should not be smaller than the machine's working range. The work area must be appropriately marked using warning signs and protective barriers.

Finally, significant factors that have a significant impact on the safety of working with construction machinery include:

• Good psychophysical condition of the operator - the employee must be well-rested and must not be under the influence of alcohol or other psychoactive substances,
• Wearing work clothing and personal protective equipment,
• Prohibition of smoking cigarettes while refueling the machine,
• Waiting for the engine to cool down before checking the coolant level,
• Providing efficient ventilation when starting the machine in a closed space,
• Exercising caution when operating the machine - for example, when inflating tires,
• Using lighting when working in low visibility conditions,
• Parking the machine in a safe place on flat ground.

Machine Servicing

The safety of work is greatly influenced by the efficiency of the equipment being used. Therefore, machine owners, as well as operators, should not ignore signs indicating a malfunction.

It is essential to diligently supervise mandatory inspections and perform recommended servicing tasks as recommended by the manufacturer. These tasks are best entrusted to a specialized workshop equipped with advanced diagnostic equipment.

Additionally, regular maintenance and proper storage of the machine during the off-season should not be overlooked.